Chemistry Practice Laboratory

Safety rules

Inorganic chemistry (75%)

Operations with solutions, preparing solutions, solubility.

Basic laboratory operations: crystallization, recrystallization, filtration of solutions, vacuum filtration of samples on Büchner funnel.

Purity test.

Preparing simple inorganic compounds (e.g. precipitates and coordination compounds)

Quantitative analysis: titration.

Qualitative inorganic analysis:  detecting the most important cations and anions:

-          alkaline metals (Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺)

-          alkaline earth metals (Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺)

-          boron group (BO₃^3–, Al³⁺)

-          carbon group (CO₃^2–, HCO₃^–, SiO₃^2–, Sn²⁺, Sn⁴⁺, Pb²⁺)

-          nitrogen group (NH₄⁺, NO₂^–, NO₃^–, PO₄^3–, As³⁺, As⁵⁺)

-          oxygen group  (OH^–, S^2–, SO₃^2–, SO₄^2–)

-          halogens (F^–, Cl^–, Br^–, I^–)

-          some transition metal ions (Cr³⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ag⁺, Cd²⁺, Hg²⁺, Hg₂²⁺)

Organic chemistry (25%)

Basic laboratory operations: distillation, vacuum distillation, steam distillation.

Measuring physical properties: boiling point, melting point, refractive index.

Conducting organic reactions (e.g. acylation)