Organic Chemical Technology Practice

the following practices must be carried out:

-          Implementation of reaction in an intelligent reactor in batch mode. The examined reaction is selected from the following:

o   Carbonic acid esterification with alcohol. Examination of the shifts of the esterification equilibrium.

o   Sulfonation with sulfuric acid or nitration with mixed acid of alkyl benzene. The role of the appropriate mixing and cooling and the implementation. Corrosion and environmental problems.

-          Implementation of vapor- gas-solid phase heterogeneous catalytic oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols in a tubular reactor in continuous mode. Optimal selection of evaporator or reactor temperature and flow rate. Considerations for potentially explosive reactions.

-          Implementation of the gas-liquid-solid phase heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of substrates having different functional groups (eg. carbonyl, nitro and unsaturated groups).Selection of a suitable catalyst. Carrying out reactions under pressure in an autoclave under an inert atmosphere. Chemoselective reduction, "clean" technology. Handling gas cylinders an the safety of hydrogenation.

-          Presentation of a cascade reactor through an esterification reaction as an example (eg. Butyl acetate production). Determination of the numbers of the reactors, feed rate and optimum residence time measuring the reaction rate - concentration value pairs by graphical method.

-          A liquid-gas phase catalytic oxidation of aromatic compounds with side chain (eg. p-xylene), the role of the stirring, the determination of the endpoint.

-          Application of ball mill to carry out reactions consisting highly heterogeneous /viscous component of (eg. p-toluyl benzoic acid production).

-          Studying liquid-liquid and liquid-solid phase transfer alkylation reactions of CH-acidic compounds. Selection of a suitable catalyst. The effect of various parameters (stirrer speed, molar ratio, temperature) on production and selectivity.

-          Computerized process control based on the reaction heat measurement: optimal pH and temperature control by setting the appropriate feed rate of the reactants. Diazotation of aniline serves as the model reaction.

-          Cotton fabric coloring in a programmable coloring device. Color measurement using a computer-linked instrument and examination off the durability of the coloring (wash fastness, abrasion resistance).

General comment: the analysis of the product is performed by volumetric, gas chromatographic or spectroscopic method.