Catalysis in organic chemical industry

Introduction (the actual situation of the organic chemical industry), showing the typical appliances (e.g. stirred vessel reactors, tubular reactors, fluidized-bed reactors, filters, evaporators).      

Principia of catalysis, environmentally friendly and safe technological processes, appliances (e.g. flow-chemical reactors, microwave techniques.

Detailed exposition of significant organic chemical industrial catalytic technologies (e.g. methanol synthesis, oxo synthesis, toluenediamine, phenol, sugar alcohols (sorbitol, xylitol), 1,6-hexame-thylenediamine) supported by basic organic chemical knowledges, their further development opportunities and environmentally friendly solutions.

Manufacture of some industrial catalysts (e.g. Pd/C, skeleton catalysts, zeolites), and their separation, deactivation, regeneration and quality assurance.  

Development of organic chemical industrial technologies (innovation models and organizations, attributes of basic and applied research, as well as development, importance of articles and patents, economic considerations).

Scale-up (principia, similarity criteria, directive effect, robustness, problems with different reactors) showing through realized organic chemical industrial examples supported by basic organic chemical knowledges.

Laboratory:

Hydrogenation: determination of selectivity and specific activity of different heterogeneous metal catalysts during a three-phase (gas-liquid-solid) heterogeneosu catalytic hydrogenation reaction.

C–C coupling reactions: implementation of the Heck reaction, which is applied in the industry more often, in the arylation of but-3-en-2-ol.

Microwave reactors: practical application of microwave techniques in heterogeneous and solvent-free O- and C-alkylation model reactions, respectively.

Phase-transfer catalysis: applying phase-transfer catalytic methods for Darzens condensation of α-chloroacetophenone and benzaldehyde, in a liquid–liquid two-phase system.

Controlled crystallization: controlled cooling crystallization in a process controlled glass reactor using ATR-UV/Vis monitoring, as well as the examination of product morphology.

/ Flame retardancy: the exercise gives information about the qualifying methods for the flame retardancy of a commercial polymer by the comparison of the reference and flame retardant-containing samples, taking into account the composition of forming gases.