Electronics 2

Detailed thematic of lectures

Week 1
Principles of nonlinear circuits, digital approach, diode characteristic approximations, simple limiting circuits, power functions, exponential and logarithmic amplifiers. Circuits with multiple breakpoints, absolute value forming operational amplifier circuit, analog RMS calculation with examples. PSPICE based simulations.

Week 2
Voltage reference circuits. Zener diode and Band-Gap reference source. External origin noises, disturbance, galvanically coupled noises.

Week 3
Inductive and capacitive coupled noises, calculation and protection principles. Analog regulators, stability condition, concept of phase reserve. Control of a linear system with a proportional controller. Control of an integrating system with a PI controller. Realization of analog PI controller with operational amplifier and transconductance amplifier.

Week 4
Concept of direct and indirect synchronization. Structure of PLL, typical signal carriers. Types of phase detectors: counter, XOR gate, analog multiplier version. Software based three-phase vector PLL. Controllable oscillators of two-state signals, sinusoidal oscillator control with Varicap diode, DDS.

Week 5
Construction and calculations of PLL regulators, tracking and large-signal properties. Applications of PLL.

Week 6
Basic concepts of filter circuits, steps of filter design. Passive R-C, R-L, R-L-C, active R-C, R-L, R-L-C, Sallen-Key filter, switched capacitive filters, signal matching for digital implementation.

Week 7
Quartz and its circuit environment, substitute circuits. Case study: NTC signal processing with a microcontroller.

Week 8
Power semiconductors, diode switching characteristics, bipolar junction transistor, Darlington circuit, SCR, TRIAC, MOSFET, IGBT

Week 9
Single- and three-phase diode rectifiers with inductive and capacitive filtering. AC chopper circuits with resistive and inductive loads.

Week 10
DC conversion circuits, shunt regulator, series transistor power supply, LDO. Current limiting solutions. Step down (BUCK), Step up (BOOST), Step up-down (BUCK-BOOST) and FLYBACK switching mode DC-DC converters.

Week 11
Control and regulation of switching mode power supplies, presentation of a simple control IC. Losses of switching converters, reduction of losses. Synchronous BUCK circuit. Single-phase full-bridge two-level inverter with R, L, RL load. Two-level half-bridge inverter.

Week 12
Control of single-phase inverters, unipolar and bipolar modulation. Generation of sinusoidal voltage with pulse width modulation. Circuit and control of a three-phase two-level inverter. Heating of passive components, temperature dependence of load capacity. Calculation of diode and transistor dissipation in case of continuous and switching operation.

Week 13.
Static calculation of cooling, electrical analogy. Concept of transient thermal impedance.

Detailed thematic of exercises

Week 2
Calculation of non-linear circuits: design of non-linear characteristics using diode three-poles and logarithmic and exponential amplifiers. Design of a simple Zener diode stabilizer. Design of the operational amplifier based Zener diode reference source..

Week 4
Calculation of external origin noises: examination of the effect of galvanic, inductive and capacitive coupled disturbances. Design of analog controllers: calculation of an analog PI controller with an operational amplifier.

Week 6
Design of PLL phase detectors and voltage-controlled oscillators: calculation of the transfer ratio of counter based phase detector and single-integrator type VCO. Examination of PLL large-signal characteristics: determination of capture and tracking range, tuning of the PLL PI controller. Frequency synthesis.

Week 8
Design of passive and active filter circuits: design of first- and second-order passive and first-order operational amplifier based filter circuits. Examination of the switching operation of semiconductors (diode, BJT, MOSFET) and calculation of their dissipation.

Week 10
Design of semiconductor cooling. Calculation of the main parameters of an ACDC converter: determination of the current conduction angle of a capacitive filtered rectifier, calculation of the output voltage.

Week 12
Design of DCDC (BUCK and BOOST) converters, calculation of their main parameters. DCAC converters: calculation of current and voltage waveforms of a single-phase inverter.