Electronics

Introduction: The role of electronics in mechanical constructions. Advantages: accuracy, safety, speed, size, energy consumption, functionality, etc. The electronics toolkit: linear elements, nonlinear elements, sensors. Microelectronic components: structure and operation of semiconductor devices, equivalent circuits.

Amplifier: Its concept and role in analog signal processing. Setting the operating point, temperature stability. Characteristics of the amplifier: small-signal gain, input and output impedances, linearity, signal levels, frequency range.

Feedback: Its effect on gain, impedances, frequency characteristics, and linearity. Stability: use of Bode diagrams. Consideration of parameter uncertainties.

Integrated Circuits: Structure, properties. Target circuits and general-purpose circuits: programmable amplifiers, operational amplifiers. Use of operational amplifiers in linear and nonlinear circuits.

Digital Technology: Number systems. Coding, codes. Boolean algebra. Combinational networks: functions, minimization, transient states. Realization of combinational networks: with gates and other methods (multiplexer, ROM, etc.). Sequential networks: bistable elements, counters, flip-flops, and registers. Operation of sequential networks, asynchronous and synchronous realization. Simple synchronous sequential design. Replacing a flip-flop with another flip-flop.

Digital Electronics: Electrical properties of digital circuits (signal propagation time, transfer characteristics, dissipation, load capacity, noise immunity, etc.). Digital integrated circuit logics (TTL, MOS, CMOS) and simple circuits. Catalog, application-specific, and programmable circuits.

Analog and Digital Systems: Principles of A/D and D/A conversion. Structure and operation, important data. The switches used.

Memories: Basic types, main data, interface.

In the laboratory practices, the material from the lectures is processed using simulation programs.