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Signals and Systems 1

Jelek és rendszerek 1
A tantárgyleírás hatályossága
Hatályosság kezdete:
2026. March 21.
Hatályosság vége:
—
Subject name (Hungarian, English)
Jelek és rendszerek 1
Signals and Systems 1
Subject code BMEVIHVAA03
Subject type —
Training Level —
Course types and hours (weekly/semester)
Course type lecture tutorial laboratory
hours (weekly) 3 3 0
type (linked/independent) — derived course —
Assessment type vizsga
Credits 6
Subject coordinator
DR. Horváth Péter
position: egyetemi docens
Responsible department
Szélessávú Hírközlés és Villamosságtan Tanszék
Faculty Villamosmérnöki és Informatikai Kar
Subject website http://edu.vik.bme.hu
Primary curriculum type —
Direct prerequisites – Strong prerequisite none
Direct prerequisites – Weak prerequisite none
Direct prerequisites – Parallel prerequisite none
Direct prerequisites – Milestone prerequisite none
Direct prerequisites – Exclusion none

Objectives

Programme

Basic concepts (2 lectures). Basic concepts. Signal, system, network; classification criteria. Systems represented by a network. Fundamental laws of electrical networks. Characterization of bipoles (one-ports). Kirchhoff's laws. Fundamental loop and cut system. Tellegen's theorem. The complete system of network equations.

Analysis of Resistive Networks (4 lectures). The concept of a resistive network, the basic task of network analysis, and the regularity of a network. Methods of network analysis: superposition principle, node potentials, and loop current methods. Introduction of coupled bipoles, characteristics, and their treatment in network analysis. Equivalent circuits of composite bipoles: resultant resistance, equivalent generators. Power matching. Linear resistive two-ports. Reciprocity, symmetry, passivity. Two-port equivalent circuits. Input and transfer characteristics of a terminated two-port.

Analysis of dynamic networks (6 lectures). The concept of a dynamic network. State-space description. Initial values. Regularity. Constant and piece-wise constant excitations. Free and excited component. Time constant. Method of test signals. Unit step, Dirac impulse. Concepts of step and impulse response, their relationship. Generalized derivative. Convolution. Stability concepts and conditions (asymptotic and BIBO stability).

Sinusoidal steady state (4 lectures). The concept and physical inter of sinusoidal steady state. Phasor representation of sinusoidal signals, operations with phasors. Expressing network equations with phasors. Impedance. Network computation methods. Qualitative construction of phasor diagrams. Transmission coefficient, frequency response. Bode diagram. Logarithmic unit and scale. Power in sinusoidal steady state: instantaneous, effective, reactive, complex, power factor. Power matching.

Nonlinear networks (2 lectures). Nonlinear resistance. Calculation of the operating point: graphical method, piecewise linearization. Solvability of nonlinear network equations. Principle of iterative solution methods. Small-signal analysis. Dynamic resistance. Linearization of nonlinear two-ports.

Periodic steady state (2 lectures). Definition and mean values of periodic signals. Fourier polynomial and series. Mathematical, engineering, and complex forms of the Fourier series. Convergence properties. System analysis using Fourier series. Calculation of effective power (Parseval's theorem).

 

 

 

The two-semester course Signals and Systems 1-2 aims to introduce the basic concepts and computational procedures of signal and systems theory, as well as methods for the analysis of electrical and signal-flow networks representing systems. In the first part of the subject (Signals and Systems 1), system descriptions in the time domain are discussed, followed by the frequency domain description. In examples and applications, systems represented by Kirchhoff-type (electrical) networks and their descriptive equations and their solutions are discussed and practiced. Basic methods for analyzing continuous-time nonlinear systems and networks are also discussed.

Learning outcomes

Ez a tantárgy a KKK rendeletben meghatározott, következő kompetenciák fejlesztését szolgálja:

Knowledge

No learning outcomes recorded.

Skills

No learning outcomes recorded.

Attitudes

No learning outcomes recorded.

Autonomy and responsibility

No learning outcomes recorded.

Oktatási módszertan

3 hours/week lecture and 3 hours/week problem solving exercise

Tanulástámogató anyagok

Online források
Standard university textbooks on signals and systems.

Recommended preliminary knowledge for completing the subject

Knowledge type competencies
(azon előzetes ismeretek összessége, amelyek megléte nem kötelező, de a tantárgy eredményes teljesítését nagyban elősegíti)
Calculus, basics of linear algebra and matrix algebra, complex numbers, first-order differential equations
Skill type competencies
(azon előzetes képességek és készségek összessége, amelyek megléte nem kötelező, de a tantárgy eredményes teljesítését nagyban elősegíti)
nincs
Recommended (non-compulsory) preliminary competencies
(azon ajánlott (nem kötelező) előzetesen megszerzendő kompetenciák összessége, amelyek jelentősen hozzájárulnak a tantárgy eredményes teljesítéséhez)
Calculus, basics of linear algebra and matrix algebra, complex numbers, first-order differential equations
General rules
Requirements: During the semester:   (1) Every student gets assigned a 3-part homework to be solved independently. The parts should be turned in according to the schedule published by the Faculty. Solutions for each part will be rewarded by 0...5 points. Late turn-ins will be awarded by 0 points. (2) There are three small tests throughout the semester, graded to 0...5 points each. Tests not taken can not be repeated, and 0 points will be assigned automatically. (3) One extensive written test is held on the date given in the Faculty schedule, which is graded between 0 and 25 points. (4) Standard university rules apply to the presence requirements during the contact classes.    The signature is awarded as follows: take the grades of the two better small tests (st1, st2) and the average grade of the two best homework parts (hwa), and the grade of the large test (lt), and add them. GP = (st1 + st2 + hwa + lt). The signature is awarded if and only if GP >= 20 and lt >= 10.   Examinations:   (1) Only students with valid signatures are admitted to the exam. (2) The exam contains a written part and an oral part. The written part is scored between 0...60 points; up to 40 points are awarded based on the solution of two complex analysis problems, and 20 points are awarded for answering 10 short questions. The complex assignments assess the problem solving skills, whereas the short questions typically require the student to perform a simple calculation to probe into their knowledge of important concepts and definitions. For a successful written test, at least 40% of the points of both the 40 points and the 20 points part need to be accomplished separately, i.e., at least 16 and 8 points must be achieved, respectively. Otherwise, the written part will be graded as 1 (unsatisfactory). If the criterion for a successful written test is fulfilled, the grade for the written part is awarded as follows: 29 points and less: 1, from 30 points: 2, from 39 points: 3, from 45 points: 4, and from 51 points: 5. The grade of the written part forms the basis for the final note, which will be corrected according to the performance during the oral exam. Most often, the final grade differs at most by +/- 1 grade, however, in exceptional cases, a larger correction is also possible. The oral exam covers the topics of the entire course. Additional possibilities: An unsuccessful midterm test can be re-taken according to the standard university rules. It is not possible to recap the homeworks and the small mid-semester tests.
Assessment methods
In-term assessments

No detailed assessments provided.

Weight of in-term assessments

No weights provided.

Exam-period assessments

No detailed assessments provided.

Weight of exam elements

No weights provided.

Grade calculation

No grade thresholds provided.

Attendance requirements

No attendance requirements provided.

Rules for retake and resubmission

Not provided.

Short description

Not provided.

Detailed description

Not provided.

Recommended courses

Not provided.

Workload to complete the subject

No workload breakdown provided.

Validity of subject requirements
Requirements valid from:
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Requirements valid until:
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Curriculum placement

No curriculum placements recorded for this subject version.