General

- Scope of EMC, definitions (susceptibility, immunity, emission, compatibility etc.)

- Principle of “electromagnetic compatibility”

- EMC levels, EMC standardisation

- Sources of disturbances, their classification and characteristics

ESD (electrostatic discharge), LEMP (lightning electromagnetic impulse)

-    Process, conditions and characteristics of electrostatic discharge.

-    Risks caused by electrostatic discharges, protection against ESD.

-    The lightning electromagnetic impulse, main lightning parameters. The effects caused by them

-    The principle of “primary lightning protection”.

-    Harmful effects of lightning electromagnetic impulse to the electrical equipment. Possible coupling methods.

-    The principle of “secondary lightning protection”. The lightning protection zone theory.

-    Passive and active secondary lightning protection measures, and their connection with the lightning protection zones.

-    Types, principles, characteristics and field of application of overvoltage protection devices and circuits.

-    Principle and field of application of multistage overvoltage protection system.

LFI (Low Frequency Interferences)

-    Classification of the disturbing phenomena regarding to the frequency and the way of coupling.

-    The different coupling phenomena, with the characterisation of the source and results of inductions. The classification of permissible limits accordingly to ITU-T specifications.

-    The basic expressions on capacitive coupling for the typical conditions on the induced line.

-    Survey of the various methods for calculating the impedance with earth return.

-    The screening factor.

-    The type and definition of the surface impedances of a tubular conductor. The variation of the surface impedances of a cable sheath with steel armouring, vs. the sheath current

-    The screening factor of a cable sheath for various conditions.

-    The longitudinal to transverse conversion phenomena with the relevant circuits, due to the series unbalance, the shunt unbalance and the terminal unbalance.

RFI (Radio Frequency Interference)

Electromagnetic field, EM radiation

-     Basic quantities, dimensions, units. Polarization, ferromagnetic materials. Maxwell's Equations

-     Short dipole, near and far field. Small loop, near and far field.

-     Impedance concept, high and low impedance fields. Reactive field components

Wave propagation

-     Wave equation, lossy medium, ideal dielectric, vacuum

-     Refractive index

-     Transmission line analogy, reflection, transmission

-     Penetration and propagation in metals

-     Reflection and transmission on planparallel layer

-     Frequency dependence of constitutional parameters

-     Multilayer medium, multiple reflection

Absorbers

-     Task, specification. Design factors. Performance, frequency dependence

Shielding

-     Definition and components of shielding effectiveness (SE)

-     Shielding performance of thin and thick layers

-     Shielding of high impedance fields

-     Problems and solutions of shielding of low impedance fields

-     Practical SE values, frequency dependence

-     SE decreasing factors

-     Apertures

-     Windows and thin films

-     Cables and connectors