Optical Networks

Physical layer:
Optical transmission system and components I
Optical fibers: Types and characteristics. Optical active and passive components: transmitters, modulators, optical receivers, multiplexers. Modulation and coding. Signal / noise ratio, error rate, Q-factor.

Optical transmission system and components II.
Optical telecommunications network architecture, components, physical parameters. Power balance, dispersion, noise, optical amplifier chains, attenuation and dispersion-limited systems. Optical interference modeling, simulation.

Network layer:
Optical networks architecture and network elements
DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing), CWDM (Coarse WDM) devices and architecture, Building networks with OADM (Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer), ROADM (Reconfigurable OADM), OXC (Optical Cross Connect), MROADM (Multi-degree ROADM), 1-10-100 GigabitEthernet systems

Evolution of optical networks. Switched Optical Network techniques: OBS (Optical Burst Switching), OPS (Optical Packet Switching). Pure optical networks and components: OTDM (Optical Time Domain Multiplexing), 3R regeneration (Optical signal retiming, reshaping, and reamplifying), wavelength conversion. Design, operating and service provisioning challenges.

Broadband Optical Access Networks and Systems I
Broadband subscriber services. Active and passive optical network systems. GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) operating principle, network elements, physical archtecture, network topologies, comparison with competing technologies.

Broadband Optical Access Networks and Systems II
Dynamic bandwidth management, support for broadband services. Network Design considerations: dimensioning principles, GPON network protection. Further evolution areas: 10GPON, WDM PON.

Measurement techniques, measurement information processing, measurement and monitoring solutions to the provided services
OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer), dispersion, noise measurements. Measurable parameters of the optical and electrical layers. Usage of the measured parameters in different network architectures, for ensuring quality of services guarantees.

Transmission technologies, transport network architectures, multi-layer networks I
SONET / SDH (Synchronous Optical Networking / Synchronous Digital Hierarchy), MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching), ngSDH / SONET (next generation SDH / SONET), OTN (Optical Transport Network)

Transmission technologies, transport network architectures, multi-layer networks II.
GMPLS (Generalized MPLS), dynamically switched optical networks, ASON (Automatically Switched Optical Network), routing, multiplexing, grooming

Transmission technologies, transport network architectures, multi-layer networks III.
The role of management and control plane, GMPLS protocol suite, neighbor discovery, routing, signaling, resource management, RWA (Routing and Wavelength Assignment).

Network Protection
Fault management, different error protection schemes, dedicated and shared protection solutions, protection methods in meshed and ring topology networks.

Services:
Service provider’s environment, trends
Description of services, categories. Hungarian and international environment, development of optical backbone networks, operators and service provider relations, national and regional providers, multimedia convergence.

Provisioning:
Financial and economic aspects of network provisioning
CAPEX (Capital Expenditures), OPEX (Operational Expenditures), cost modeling. Network operation and network management processes, costs. Effects of the introduction of GMPLS.