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Development and Production of Medical Devices

Orvostechnikai eszközök fejlesztése és gyártása
A tantárgyleírás hatályossága
Hatályosság kezdete:
2026. March 21.
Hatályosság vége:
Subject name (Hungarian, English)
Orvostechnikai eszközök fejlesztése és gyártása
Development and Production of Medical Devices
Subject code BMEVIEEAV18
Subject type
Training Level
Course types and hours (weekly/semester)
Course type lecture tutorial laboratory
hours (weekly) 2 2 0
type (linked/independent) derived course
Assessment type vizsga
Credits 4
Subject coordinator
Dr. Ender Ferenc
position: egyetemi docens
Responsible department
Elektronikus Eszközök Tanszéke
Faculty Villamosmérnöki és Informatikai Kar
Subject website
Primary curriculum type
Direct prerequisites – Strong prerequisite none
Direct prerequisites – Weak prerequisite none
Direct prerequisites – Parallel prerequisite none
Direct prerequisites – Milestone prerequisite none
Direct prerequisites – Exclusion none

Objectives

Programme
Module 1: fundamentals (week 1-4)
 Introduction and overview. The field of medical electronics, classification and definition of medical electrical devices in the EU (EN 60601-1, MDD 93/42/EEC). Definition of key concepts and terminology (e.g. medical device manufacturer, harmonized standards, essential performance etc.). Product lifecycle overview and key considerations, leading to structure of the course. Introduction to Point-of-Care Tests (POCT): overview of the field, key concepts, technology, and application areas. Examples of innovative POCT devices based on LoC technology.
 Liquid handling. Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) and its role in innovative POCT devices. Fundamentals of microfluidics: laminar flow, mixing, flow focusing. Transport phenomena: convective and conductive mass transfer, diffusion in microflows. Droplet microfluidics: multiphase flows and their applications, contact angle and wetting. Fundamentals of flow modelling: computational fluid dynamics and applications, the role of models in device design, thermal-fluidic co-design with simulated and experimental analysis. 
 Sensors and actuators, Connected Health. Functional introduction of biosensors, key sensing modalities and working principles. Functional introduction of actuators in POCTs: mechanical, thermal and electrical. Adaptive laboratory automation, wireless communication, technical challenges. Overview of Connected Health Devices. 
 Bioanalytical assays. Introduction to In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD). Overview of biomarkers and bioanalytical assays. Qualitative and quantitative methods. Nucleic acid amplification tests, key performance indices (throughput, sensitivity, specificity, resolution). Case study: Next-generation sequencing. Sample preparation and handling. Introduction to biolabs: biosafety and test protocols.
 
Module 2: product development (week 5-8)
 Product planning and design. Funding sources, fundamentals of intellectual property rights (publish/patent?). Patents & literature analysis, licensing (incl. open-source). Value proposition design, business modelling. Fundamentals of R&D project planning. TRL scale. Key stages in device development. Team management. Feasibility studies, iterative product design and the role of modelling. Mandatory documentation: requirement specifications, development documentation, release tests etc. System architecture design, mapping interfaces.
 Risk and quality management. Quality management systems (QMS), eQMS, ISO 13485. Risk management: risk analysis process, risk management file, risk management process, ISO 14971. Release and approval workflows, design history management (Git), document management systems. Fundamentals of data security and data management plans (DMPs).
 Medical device software development and PEMS. PEMS lifecycle (EN 60601-1). Soft/firmware lifecycle and development process, documentation (EN 62304). Software validation process (EN 62304 and FDA guidelines). Change management: version tracking, release process. Application of Agile development to medical devices. Software reuse. Security. Internal error checks (system/user).
 Standards. Overview of relevant standards (EN 60601-1, EN 62304 etc.). Key definitions (e.g. harmonized standards, essential performance, class I-III etc.). Designing for compliance: process & documentation. Patient safety (electrical and functional, EN 60601-1). Additional requirements (e.g. biocompatibility, sterilization). Functional safety and alarm systems/signals. 
 
Module 3: compliance and regulatory approval (week 9-12)
 Usability engineering. Process and documentation (EN 62366): essentials principles of usability, design for usability. Design steps and risk management. Documentation: usability engineering file. Key considerations for user interface design (software and/or hardware). 
 Medical device regulations. CE mark (relevance to electronics, notified bodies, certification process). Detailed overview of EU regulations (93/42/EEC, 98/79/EC, 2017/746). Technical file/technical documentation. Clinical evaluation (clinical study, CROs etc.). Labelling requirements. EC declaration of conformity. International registration (FDA). 
 Compliance and certification. Key terminology for safety and testing (EN 60601-1, e.g. hazardous situations and single fault conditions). Documentation and compliance tests: electrical (EMC, ESD, EMI, electrical safety), thermal safety, mechanical safety (e.g. drop tests, expelled parts, strength), overflow/spillage (and related issues, such as cross-contamination risk). Verification of markings. Disposability and recycling.  
 Interdisciplinarity. Assay release testing: process overview, key definitions (e.g. LOD, internal control). Problem-solving in cross-disciplinary teams (engineers – biologists/chemists, engineers – QM/regulatory specialists). Tools for troubleshooting (e.g. FMEA, FDIR).

Module 4: manufacturing and commercialization (week 13-14)
 Production planning. Product optimization: COGS analysis, mapping alternative parts and suppliers (avoiding vendor locks and supply chain issues), reducing complexity. Production optimization: lean six sigma. Quality inspection: inline inspection, random sampling, unit tests, type tests (following EN 60601-1). 
 Case studies: 1 - next generation sequencing in the IonTorrent system. 2 - SelfDiagnostics Multitest.
 Invited lecture 1. Invited lecturer shares their experience and perspective related to production, upscaling, commercialization and/or business issues.
 Invited lecture 2. Invited lecturer shares their experience and perspective related to production, upscaling, commercialization and/or business issues.
 
Practical sessions:
The goal of the practical sessions is to put the knowledge learned during lectures into practice. These sessions will simulate the lifecycle of an innovative medical electronics product, with each lab embodying a stage in this lifecycle. Students will form groups (“startup companies”) and define a product that complies with course criteria, then lead this product through its lifecycle, at each stage creating the necessary documentation. Topics of the labs:

Week 1-4
 Challenge definition, forming groups (“companies”).
 Business concept development: the Business Model Canvas (BMC), creating a BMC.
 Value proposition (VP) design, creating a VP canvas.

Week 5-10
 Product concept formulation: FTO analysis and creating a project plan.
 TD1 (technical documentation 1): Creating hardware design documentation.
 TD2: Creating software development and validation plans.
 TD3: Creating a risk assessment and mitigation plan.
 QM: Implementing a basic quality management (QM) system.

Week 11 – Midterm test

Week 12-15
 Certification of device: creating test plans and test reports. 
 Creating a production plan. COGS estimation, BOM optimization (with alternatives).
 Compilation of the technical file for product certification.
Innovative medical electronics and consumer electronics with biomonitoring functions are hallmarks of the 21st century. Connected health devices, including wearable monitors and portable diagnostics, assist in decentralizing medical diagnostics and strengthening preventive medicine, as well as chronic disease management. The majority of these complex medical devices are developed by innovative technology startups. Thus, development of these devices takes a multidisciplinary approach: besides electronics, it needs intricate knowledge in standards, quality management, regulatory requirements and approval processes, design for manufacturing. A successful medical electronics device must meet essential functional criteria, be compliant with standards and regulations and must also be optimized for production.  The goal of this course is to assist in specialization and prepare students for a career in the development of innovative medical electronics devices. The course teaches necessary theoretical knowledge and practical methodology through the lifecycle of an innovative, handheld, Point-of-Care diagnostic test, from development to production. Stages of this lifecycle will relate to development, regulatory approval and compliance, quality management concepts and design for manufacturing. In the lectures, the theoretical background and methodology are covered, whereas in the labs the acquired knowledge is put to practice via case studies and exercises connected to the lectures and the various stages in the product’s lifecycle. 

Learning outcomes

Ez a tantárgy a KKK rendeletben meghatározott, következő kompetenciák fejlesztését szolgálja:

Knowledge

No learning outcomes recorded.

Skills

No learning outcomes recorded.

Attitudes

No learning outcomes recorded.

Autonomy and responsibility

No learning outcomes recorded.

Oktatási módszertan

Theoretical knowledge is disseminated via lectures (2 hours/week). Lectures will detail methodology, best practices, workflows etc., directly relevant to the practical sessions.  Practical sessions (2 hours/week on average) are directly related the lectures/lecture modules and guide students through the lifecycle of their chosen product. All labs are computer labs, attendance is mandatory.  

Tanulástámogató anyagok

Online források
Digital materials in Edu.;  ; Books (available in BME library); -        Medical instrumentation : application and design / ed. John G. Webster and Amit J. Nimunkar. -  5. edition. - New York, N.Y. : Wiley, 2020; -        Point-of-Care Diagnostics on a Chip [elektronikus dok.] / edited by David Issadore, Robert M. Westervelt. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg : Imprint: Springer, 2013; -        Micro and Nano Flow Systems for Bioanalysis [elektronikus dok.] / edited by Michael W. Collins, Carola S. Koenig. - New York, N.Y. : Springer New York : Imprint: Springer, 2013; -        Dr. Norbert Leitgeb: Safety of Electromedical Devices Law-Risks -Opportunities 2010/ Springer-Verlag Wien; Standards (latest available revision); -        EN 60601-1; -        EN 62304; -        ISO 13485; EN 62366

Recommended preliminary knowledge for completing the subject

Knowledge type competencies
(azon előzetes ismeretek összessége, amelyek megléte nem kötelező, de a tantárgy eredményes teljesítését nagyban elősegíti)
Electronics design, project management
Skill type competencies
(azon előzetes képességek és készségek összessége, amelyek megléte nem kötelező, de a tantárgy eredményes teljesítését nagyban elősegíti)
nincs
Recommended (non-compulsory) preliminary competencies
(azon ajánlott (nem kötelező) előzetesen megszerzendő kompetenciák összessége, amelyek jelentősen hozzájárulnak a tantárgy eredményes teljesítéséhez)
Electronics design, project management
General rules
Requirements: Szorgalmi időszakban Exam eligibility criteria (“aláírás megszerzésének feltétele”):  -        Participation at all of the practical sessions, passing entry test at the start of each lab to show preparedness for the lab, regular submission of reports corresponding to practice modules -        Passing midterm exam on week 9 (minimum grade 2 - satisfactory) -        By the end of the study semester, a complete portfolio compiled from all the reports during the semester Vizsgaidőszakban Exam:  -        Exam can be taken if eligibility criteria are met.  -        The exam is verbal.  -        At the exam, each student presents individually, according to their assigned role in their group (“company”) -        At the exam, the student shall defend their portfolio and answer questions related to lecture materials and the portfolio (esp. related to potential shortcomings of the portfolio) Grading: The exam must be passed to receive a grade. Grades are calculated as a weighted average of the grades gained during the study semester (60% portfolio reports, 40% midterm). The final grade can be adjusted by +/- 1 grade based on the exam.  Additional possibilities: The midterm can be retaken once during the semester. 
Assessment methods
In-term assessments

No detailed assessments provided.

Weight of in-term assessments

No weights provided.

Exam-period assessments

No detailed assessments provided.

Weight of exam elements

No weights provided.

Grade calculation

No grade thresholds provided.

Attendance requirements

No attendance requirements provided.

Rules for retake and resubmission

Not provided.

Short description

Not provided.

Detailed description

Not provided.

Recommended courses
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Workload to complete the subject

No workload breakdown provided.

Validity of subject requirements
Requirements valid from:
Requirements valid until:
Curriculum placement

No curriculum placements recorded for this subject version.